Northern Uganda: The Nairobi Peace Agreement

This agreement is made pursuant to the Peace Talks held in Nairobi, Kenya during the period 26th August 1985 to 17th December 1985 under the Chairmanship of His Excellency Daniel Toroitich arap Moi, President and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kenya, between the Military Government of Uganda, which assumed power in Uganda following the ouster of the former government of that country on the 27th of July 1985 (Hereinafter referred to as ‘The Military Government’), and the National Resistance Movement.

We, the Military Government and the National Resistance Movement, the parties to this agreement;

APPRECIATING the offer by his Excellency President Daniel Toroitich arap Moi and the brotherly people of the Republic of Kenya to convene, host and chair our talks and search for peace in our beloved Uganda;

RECALLING the desire of the people of the sovereign state of Uganda at independence on the 9th of October 1962 to exercise fully the right to self-determination of one nation within the United Nations organization;

MINDFUL of the determination proclaimed by the people of the world in the charter of the United Nations to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of all men and women of all nations and to promote social progress and freedom, which determination was restated and subscribed to by the sovereign state of Uganda in the charter of the organization of African Unity but more particularly in the bill of rights contained in the independence constitution of Uganda and the successive constitutions of Uganda;

AWARE of the endless conflicts resulting from the denial of, or impediments in the way of, freedom and peace for the citizens of and people in Uganda by successive governments, which conflicts have destroyed peace and stability, eroded national institutions and democratic principles and threatened the sovereignty and integral status of our country so dearly cherished by us and all Ugandans everywhere;

CONSCIOUS of the need for the creation of conditions of stability and well-being and peace based on respect of individual persons and of the need for respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all persons in Uganda without distinction as to race, sex, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or language;

recognizING the passionate yearning for peace and freedom for all citizens of Uganda everywhere and other people living in Uganda, a yearning shared by all nations and people of good will towards Uganda and the decisive positive role that such citizens, nations and people can play in the political, social and economic development of Uganda in times of peace;

CONVINCED that any continuation of armed conflict, dictatorial rule, denial of human rights and fundamental freedoms prevent development in Uganda as well as positive international cooperation with friendly and brotherly nations and other bodies and militates against the ideals of peace;

CONVINCED that Uganda has an inalienable right to peace and complete political and economic freedom and in that regard must exercise the right of self-determination as a sovereign state and integral national territory whose boundaries were more particularly delineated and described in schedule 1 to the constitution of the Republic of Uganda of 1967;

WELCOMING the commitment to and participation in the search for peace in Uganda by our brotherly neighbours the Republic of Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania and recognizing that instability in any one of the nations is a threat to the peace and stability of the whole East African region;

BELIEVING that the process of restoration of peace, stability and democratic rule and government is now irresistible and irreversible as exemplified by the spirit of mutual cooperation, trust and frankness between the parties at the peace talks: and in so believing desiring a formula to terminate the problems that have for so long bedevilled and manacled Uganda, such as dictatorial rule and all practices of denial of human rights and fundamental freedoms, discrimination and massacres associated with such rule;

NOW DO SOLEMNLY PROCLAIM for and in the name of Uganda the urgent necessity: (1) of bringing to a most speedy end dictatorship in all its forms and manifestations, armed conflict and denial of human rights and fundamental freedoms,

(2) of restoring peace, security, law and order throughout the country through reconstruction of the country’s economy, re-establishment of an effective administration both in central and local government, initiation and implementation of military reforms designed to ensure balanced, disciplined and national armed forces and security services and,

(3) of laying the groundwork for the preparation and drafting of a popular constitution which will be the supreme law of Uganda, which constitution shall be promulgated by a popularly elected Parliament/National Assembly in due course and ensuring the speedy return to democratic government through free and fair general elections within the framework of such a constitution.

AND TO THIS END DECLARE AND AGREE THAT: CEASEFIRE Article 1: CEASEFIRE TERMS After the signing of this agreement, there shall be a ceasefire on the following terms:- (a) With effect from 0920 hours on the 17th day of December 1985, there will be complete and immediate cessation of hostilities. The commanders of the various combatant forces shall issue instructions to the forces under their command to ensure that within 48 hours of the signing of this agreement, all fighting everywhere in Uganda shall cease. (b) There shall be immediate cessation of recruitment into or formation of any combatant force other than the National Force and the National Army to be formed by the Military Council pursuant to Article 7 and 8 of this Agreement. (c) All roads in the country shall be opened and made safe for the civilian and commercial traffic to operate normally. (d) All hostile propaganda shall cease immediately. (e) With effect from the date of signing of this agreement, all parties shall forthwith stop the acquisition and procurement of arms, ammunitions and any other military hardware. (f) No soldier or any other personnel under the command or control of any of the combatant forces shall engage in any criminal acts or other acts that violate human rights. (g) All members of the security forces or any of the other combatant forces who have violated human rights since the 27th July 1985 shall be immediately punished and disciplining of such forces shall be a routine practice and part of the operational code of conduct. Nothing in this paragraph shall be interpreted to mean that any person who may have committed similar acts prior to 27 July 1985 is exonerated. (h) All political detainees who are known to be members of the National Resistance Movement shall be immediately released. (i) Arrangement shall be made to provide non-military supplies to the combatant forces behind ceasefire lines and neutral agents may be involved in this exercise, and without prejudice to the generality of the fore-going, the provisions of Article 3 of the Geneva Convention on the amelioration of the condition of wounded and sick in the armed forces in the field dated the 12th August 1949 set out in Annexture ‘D’ to this Agreement shall apply. (j) All combatant forces shall not, under any circumstances whatsoever, mobilise or deploy their troops without first obtaining authority of the Military Council and informing the monitoring/observer force. (k) The parties to this agreement shall establish, on behalf of the Military Council, a committee to be known as the Ceasefire Committee, consisting of representative of the forces represented on the Council and the monitoring/observer force for the purpose of implementing the terms of the ceasefire.

THE MILITARY COUNCIL Article 2: THE MILITARY COUNCIL (1) There shall be a Military Council which shall be the supreme organ of the government in Uganda and which shall upon the signing of this agreement be composed of representatives of the combatant forces and the Head of State as follows: (a) Head of State/Chairman, Military Council 1 (b) Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA) 7 (c) National Resistance Army (NRA) 7 (d) Uganda Freedom Movement (UFM) 1 (e) Federal Democratic Movement (FEDEMU) 2 (f) Former Uganda National Army (FUNA) 1 (g) Uganda National Rescue Front (UNRF) 1 Total 20

(2) All the combatant forces shall nominate their representatives to be appointed to the Military Council in accordance with the agreed numbers, and the Head of State and Chairman of the Military Council shall sign the instruments of appointment. All representatives of the combatant forces who are appointed to the Council shall take the prescribed oath of allegiance.

(3) The political parties that took part in the 1980 general elections may be represented on the Military Council but the mode of their representation shall be decided upon by the Military Council after due consultation with the political parties concerned and in accordance with Article 5 (1) (i).

Article 3: CHAIRMAN AND VICE-CHAIRMAN OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL (1) There shall be a Chairman of the Military Council who shall also be the Head of State of Uganda.

(2) The Chairman shall preside at all meetings and sessions of the Military Council.

(3) There shall also be a Vice-Chairman of the Military Council who shall in all respects rank second to the Chairman/Head of State and who shall, subject to paragraph (6) of the article, in absence of the Chairman/Head of State, exercise the power and perform the duties and functions of the Chairman/Head of State.

(4) The Head of State at the date of signing of this agreement shall continue to be the Head of State and Chairman of the Military Council.

(5) The Chairman of the High Command of the National Resistance Army at the date of signing of this agreement shall be the Vice-Chairman of the Military Council.

(6) If the office of the Chairman/Head of State or Vice-Chairman shall become vacant by resignation, death or incapacity resulting from infirmity of mind or body, the Military Council shall, by secret ballot and two thirds majority, elect the Chairman/Head of State or Vice-Chairman, as the case may be, from among the representatives of the combatant forces on the Military Council.

(7) At no time during the rule of the Military Council in Uganda pursuant to this agreement shall the Chairman and the Vice-Chairman to the Military Council be members of the same political party or combatant force. The Military Council shall formulate the procedures for securing this agreed position.

Article 4: POWERS OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL (1) The Military Council shall be the supreme authority in whom the executive and legislative power shall vest.

(2) All powers of the Head of State shall be exercised by him in Council.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) above, the Head of State may exercise the legislative and executive powers of the Council in exceptional circumstances, which exceptional circumstances will be determined by the Military Council by a two-thirds majority.

(4) After the signing of this agreement and appointment of the representatives of combatant forces to the Military Council, the Military Council shall review decrees promulgated and political appointments and promotion made by the Military Government since 27 JULY 1985.

Article 5: PROCEDURES OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL (1) The Military Council shall formulate its own rules of procedure. The normal method of reaching decisions shall be by consensus except in regard to the following matters where a two-thirds majority shall be required to reach decision by secret ballot: (a) Matters affecting the provisions of the agreement. (b) National defence policy and building of a new army and other security services. (c) Programmes of the interim period. (d) Political appointments, promotions, including appointment in the security services. (e) Review of decrees. (f) Rehabilitation of war ravaged areas and settlement of displaced persons and fighters and soldiers who will not be absorbed into the new army. (g) Issue of violation of human rights. (h) Matters concerned with the promulgation of the new constitution and the holding of elections. (i) Admission and dismissal of members of the Military Council.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of the foregoing paragraph, the Military Council may, in its own discretion and from time to time, determine such other matters of national importance upon which decisions shall be reached by a two-thirds majority.

(3) The two-thirds majority referred to herein shall mean that decisions by the Military Council requiring a two-thirds majority vote shall not be reached unless at least fourteen members of the twenty members of the Council vote in favour of those decisions.

CODE OF CONDUCT Article 6: NEED FOR AND FORMULATION OF NATIONAL CODE OF CONDUCT. (1) There is need for a change in the political direction of Uganda and in this regard, the Nation shall require a code of conduct for leaders and public officers.

(2) The Military Council shall, as a matter of urgency, set up a committee or commission to formulate a National Code of Conduct which shall, among other things, prescribe the qualifications for members of the Military Council, the Cabinet and other public officers.

(3) Until such time as the National Code of Conduct is worked out, sections 41 and 42 of the 1967 constitution of Uganda, with the necessary modifications, shall provide the minimum qualifications for membership of the Military Council, the cabinet and appointments to the other public offices.

THE NEW NATIONAL ARMY AND NATIONAL DEFENCE POLICY Article 7: RECRUITMENT OF A NEW NATIONAL FORCE AND ITS FUNCTIONS (1) Soon after the cessation of hostilities under article 1 of this agreement and subject to paragraph (2) of this article and the sequence of events set out in Annexture ‘A’, there shall be established a new national force, composed of soldiers from all the combatant forces nominated by the respective combatant forces in the following numbers: UNLA 3,700 soldiers NRA 3,580 soldiers FEDEMU UFM FUNA 1,200 soldiers UNRF Total 8,480 soldiers

(2) The Military Council shall establish a selection committee consisting of the representatives of all the combatant forces represented on the Military Council together with the representatives of the monitoring/ observer force for the purposes of selecting and vetting the soldiers nominated by the respective combatant forces to form the new force. The terms of reference of the selection committee and the criteria to be applied in the selection and vetting shall be determined by the Military Council.

(3) The functions of the said new national force shall be: (a) To ensure general security in the country. (b) To supervise the voluntary laying down of arms by all combatant forces in the country and to disarm any force which does not do so voluntarily. (c) Under direction of the Military Council and in conjunction with the monitoring/observer force to collect and store arms received throughout the disarmament under Article 12. (d) To participate in the recruitment and training of a new national army.

(4) During the exercise of selecting the said new force, the Military Council shall: (a) Subject to article 9(1)(b) make arrangements for the maintenance and upkeep of those soldiers of the combatant forces awaiting selection into the new army. (b) Ensure the retraining and resettlement of all men and women of the various combatant forces who are neither eligible nor qualified or who may not wish to join the said new national army, and for this purpose the Military Council shall work out, as a matter of priority, a program for resettlement of those men and women back into civilian life.

(5) The soldiers and combatants who may be absorbed into the new national force or army shall be given priority in the Police, Prisons and other security services.

Article 8: THE NEW NATIONAL ARMY (1) The new National Force established under Article 7 shall be the first batch of the new national army.

(2) The new national army shall be broad-based and representative of the country as a whole and shall be recruited in the first instance from the combatant forces existing at the date of signing of this agreement and in accordance with the national defence policy formulated under Article 9, provided that the second batch or recruitment shall be composed in the same proportions as those used for the first batch.

Article 9: THE NEW NATIONAL DEFENCE POLICY (1) After the signing and coming into force of this agreement, the Military Council shall, as soon as practicable embark upon the formulation of a national policy to determine: (a) The functions, size, nature, name and composition of the new national army to enable the new national force established under Article 7 and the monitoring and observer force to carry out recruitment of the new national army and the demobilisation of the combatant forces and, (b) The arrangements for the maintenance and upkeep of those soldiers of the various combatant forces awaiting selection into the new national army.

(2) In formulating a new national defence policy, the Military Council shall take into account the views of the national conference on this matter.

THE MONITORING/OBSERVER FORCE Article 10: THE MONITORING/OBSERVER FORCE (1) After the signing of this agreement, the Uganda government shall invite into Uganda a force from four Commonwealth countries namely: Kenya, Tanzania, Great Britain and Canada. The force shall be known as the Monitoring/Observer Force and shall carry out the following duties: (a) To observe and monitor the implementation of the ceasefire. (b) To observe the security arrangement throughout the whole country. (c) To assist in the disarmament/security arrangements exercise as may be requested by the Military Council within their terms of reference. (d) To monitor the movements of troops to agreed assembly points. (e) To assist in the collection and securing of arms from soldiers who have been demobilised. (f) To monitor compliance with agreed arrangements and investigation of alleged breaches of the ceasefire. (g) To assist in the recruitment and training of the new national army. (h) To carry out any other duties assigned to them by the Military Council in consultation with their respective governments.

(2) Prior to the monitoring/observer force moving into Uganda and after the ceasefire has been effected, there shall be sent into the country a reconnaissance team, which may be from one or more of the countries invited to contribute to the monitoring/observer force, to identify the positions of all the combatant forces and thereafter to determine the size of the monitoring/observer force required. The terms of reference of the reconnaissance team shall be as specified in Annexture ‘B’ and manpower and equipment in Annexture ‘C’.

(3) During the period of operation of the reconnaissance team, all the combatant forces shall remain at their positions as at the end of ceasefire.

(4) The provisions of Annexture ‘A’ and ‘B’ as they pertain to the operation, functions and duties of the monitoring/observer force shall be in addition to and not in substitution of the derogation from the provisions of this Article.

Article 11: RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE AND THE TOP RANKS OF THE ARMED FORCES. When reviewing the political appointments and other promotions made since the 27th July 1985, the Military Council shall ensure a balance between the combatant forces represented on the Military Council existing immediately prior to the signing of the agreement and the National Resistance Movement in the distribution of responsibilities in the Ministry of Defence and the armed forces.

COLLECTION AND STORAGE OF ARMS Article 12: COLLECTION AND STORAGE OF ARMS (1) Upon the ceasefire coming into effect, all arms of the combatant forces shall be collected and stored by the respective forces within known armouries belonging to those forces. The said collection and storage shall be monitored by the monitoring/observer force which shall enumerate and verify the said arms.

(2) No arms shall be drawn from any armoury referred to in paragraph (1) of this Article without the express authority of the local commander and concurrence of a representative of the monitoring/observer force in the area.

It shall be the duty of the representative of the monitoring/observer force to report drawing of arms without his concurrence to the next higher command headquarters where all the parties to this agreement shall be represented.

DEmilitarizATION OF KAMPALA Article 13: DEmilitarizATION OF KAMPALA (1) The city of Kampala shall be demilitarized and neutralised by removing out of Kampala all troops to be determined by the reconnaissance team. The security of Kampala shall be maintained by the police force which shall have been screened and whose arms shall have been verified by the monitoring/observer force. The Monitoring/observer force shall be adequately represented to ensure the neutrality of Kampala.

(2) The demilitarization arrangements for Kampala shall remain in force until the complete demobilisation of the combatant forces has been achieved through recruitment in the new force established under Article 7 or resettlement of the men and women not so recruited.

PERSONS WHO SERVED IN IDI AMIN'S REGIME Article 14: PROVISIONS FOR PEOPLE WHO SERVED IN IDI AMIN’S REGIME (1) All persons who served in responsible position(s) in Idi Amin’s regime, including those who served in the army, the State Research Bureau or other security services and who are known to have committed atrocities or other heinous crimes shall be punished according to law. The prosecution of such a person shall not be time barred.

(2) All persons who served in the notorious State Research Bureau and Public Safety Unit shall not be eligible to join the new national army or any other security services.

(3) All ex-soldiers who served in the army in the period 1971-1979 and who are not covered under (1) above shall have to be carefully screened and vetted to be eligible to be admitted to the new national army or any other security services.

(4) In vetting such persons the committee shall give preference to those who have special skills to fill places which cannot otherwise be filled. The said persons must have clean records.

CONVENING OF NATIONAL CONFERENCE AND GENERAL ELECTIONS Article 15: NATIONAL CONFERENCE As soon as practicable after the signing of this arrangement, the Military Council shall convene a National Conference to discuss key national issues, to wit, tenure of the interim government, the future national constitutional framework, elections and the national army. Representatives of the said national conference shall be drawn from all districts as well as all national institutions, political parties, religious groups and the Military Council.

Article 16: HOLDING GENERAL ELECTIONS Free and fair general elections shall be held in Uganda as soon as practicable to return the country to parliamentary democracy.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGREEMENT Article 17: IMPLEMENTATION (1) For the purpose of ensuring the implementation of this agreement, the Military Council constituted pursuant to Article 2 of this agreement shall at its first meeting expeditiously discuss and resolve matters relating to the following issues: (a) Review of all the decrees promulgated by the Military Council government since the 27th July 1985. (b) Formulation of the broad guidelines for the government programme of action. (c) Establishment and formulation of the terms of reference of a commission of inquiry into violation of human rights in Uganda since independence. (d) Formulation of broad guidelines for the restructuring of the new national army and the harmonisation of ranks within the combatant forces, as a basis for the formation by the Military Council of a new national defence policy under Article 9 of this agreement, which guidelines shall include strategies for the rehabilitation and resettlement of the combatant forces who will not be recruited into the national army. (e) Review of cabinet portfolios and other political appointments made by the Military government since 27th July 1985. (f) Such other urgent matters as may be determined by the Military Council.

(2) The Military Council when deciding the above issues shall not be governed by the two thirds majority rule set out in Article 5 of this agreement, but shall reach its decisions by consensus.

Article 18: PREPARATION OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL Upon the signing of this agreement an ad hoc committee shall be set up for the purpose of making the following practical arrangements for the first meeting of the fully constituted Military Council. (a) Preparation of agenda for the meeting. (b) Designation of date and venue for the meeting. (c) Making necessary security and accommodation arrangement for the meeting. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereunto have, through their representatives, set their hands at Nairobi this 17th day of December 1985.

SIGNED BY: General Tito Okello LUTWA Chairman, Military Council and Head of State of Uganda Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI Chairman, High Command of National Resistance Army and Interim Chairman, National Resistance Movement

IN THE PRESENCE OF AND WITNESSED BY: H.E. Daniel Toroitich Arap MOI President and Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of The Republic of Kenya and Chairman of the Uganda Peace Talks

ANNEXTURE ‘A’ Sequence of events leading to the formation of the new National Army and the demobilisation and rehabilitation of combatant forces: 1. Signing of the agreement.

2. Ceasefire implementation.

3. Nomination of the country to provide the monitoring and observer force commander and the reconnaissance team.

4. Formation of ceasefire committee.

5. Formation of the ad hoc committee to prepare the first meeting of the Military Council. 6. Reconnaissance team deployment.

7. Monitoring/observer team deployment.

8. First meeting of the Military Council.

9. Formation and training of national army.

10. Demobilisation and rehabilitation.

11. Withdrawal of the monitoring/observer teams.

12. Decommissioning of the ceasefire committee and the monitoring/observer force.

The participants at the Uganda Peace talks considered the requirements for training and formation of a new national army beginning with the new military force as the nucleus and made the following observations:-

Training: To train a soldier takes approximately six months. However, converting those who have had basic military training would require approximately three to four months. Training an officer takes between 9-12 months. It was therefore agreed that those with basic military training be put under cadre courses and could thereafter be utilized to train others.

Formation of a new National Force: It has been agreed upon that a nucleus force of 8,480 soldiers be formed consisting of members from all combatant forces. The subsequent recruitment and training would depend on availability of funds and training facilities. However, it is recommended and agreed that to train the 8,480 soldiers cannot be done at one go and therefore this would be done in stages which would take a minimum of 9 months.

ANNEXTURE ‘B’ The Reconnaissance Team and the Monitoring/Observer Force Terms of reference for the Reconnaissance Team: 1. After the effectiveness of the ceasefire has been confirmed by the commanders of all parties, a reconnaissance team will be sent to the field and their terms of reference would be as follows:- (a) To confirm that ceasefire is effective before the monitoring/observer force moves into the country. (b) To identify locations of all fighting units and mark their positions on the map. (c) To assess the size of the monitoring/observer force required. (d) To recommend to the Military Council the regrouping of various units (if necessary for the ease of administration). (e) To recommend areas where assembly points will be located for the troops who are in permanent barracks, preferably in areas with adequate storage facilities for the arms and also with good logistic and administration facilities. (f) To recommend which forces should be disengaged. (g) To determine logistic support required for both the troops and the monitoring/observer force. (h) To work out evacuation contingency plans for the monitoring/observer force members in the event of resumption of hostilities. (i) To recommend the location of joint operation centres at regional levels and sub-joint operation centres at district level. (j) Any other duty the Military Council may deem necessary. (k) The above task must be completed within one week.

2. The Military Council shall determine which country will provide the monitoring/observer force commander; preferably the same country should provide the reconnaissance team.

Terms of reference and operational strategies for the monitoring/observer force: 3. After the reconnaissance team’s recommendations have been approved by the Military Council, the monitoring/observer force will be deployed in various areas of the country and terms of reference will be:

A: Unit Level • To monitor and observe the maintenance of the ceasefire by the various forces. • To monitor and observe the movement of all the combatant forces. • To monitor and ensure that no arms are drawn without the authority of the local commander, with concurrence of the monitoring/observer team representative or higher authority. • To attend all meetings of an operational nature. • To liaise with the monitoring/observer team leaders of neighbouring units. • To send daily situation reports (SITREPS) to sub-joint operational centre. • Any other duties the Military Council may deem necessary.

B: District Level (Sub-joint operation centres) The district S/JC will be responsible to regional joint operation centres (JOC) for: • Attending all district security meetings. • Co-ordinating all activities of the monitoring/observer teams deployed in the district. • Compiling and sending daily SITREP to the regional joint operation centre. • Paying regular visits to the units within the district. • Liaising with the neighbouring districts. • Liaising with district administration on operational and security matters. • Any other duty the Military Council may deem necessary. The Sub-joint operation centres will be composed of: • The district administration. • The monitoring/observer force representative. • Representatives of fighting forces within the district.

C: Regional Level (Joint Operating Centre) The Military Council shall appoint a person to be the Chairman of the joint operation committee at the regional level. The regional joint operational centres will be responsible to the ceasefire committee for: • Attending all regional security meetings. • Co-ordinating activities of the monitoring/observer teams deployed in the region. • Compiling and sending situation reports (SITREPs) to the ceasefire committees. • Paying regular visits to the district headquarters within the region. • Liaising with the other regional monitoring/observer force representatives. • Any other duty the Military Council may deem necessary.

ANNEXTURE ‘C’ Manpower and equipment requirements for the Reconnaissance Team: 1. A: Composition of the Reconnaissance Team Headquarters: The Reconnaissance Team Headquarters shall be composed of the following personnel: • Recce Team Commander • Deputy Commander/Operation Officer • Logistics Representative • Communication Representative • Medical Representative • 2 Staff Officers • 2Military Government Representatives • 2 NRA Representatives.

The Military Council shall provide the supporting administrative staff.

B: Composition of each Recce Team Each Recce team shall compose of the following: • Team Leader • Logistics/Administrative Representative • Communication Representative • 2 Military Government Representatives • 2 NRA Representatives • Medical Representative • Representative of the fighting force to be visited

C: Number of Teams The Recce teams shall be allocated as follows: A: Kampala and Mpigi Districts One Recce team to cover Kampala and Mpigi districts. They would require road transport to visit areas where units are located; a helicopter may be used where necessary. B: Central Region One Recce team to cover Luwero, Mubende and Mukono districts. They would use a helicopter and partly road transport. C: Western Region One Recce team to cover Masaka, Rakai, Mbarara, Kabale, Rukungiri, Bushenyi, Kasese, Kabarole, Bundibugyo, Hoima and Masindi districts. They would use a helicopter and partly road transport. D: Eastern Region One Recce team to cover Kamuli, Iganga, Jinja, Soroti, Moroto, Tororo, Mbale, Kapehorwa and Kumi districts. They would use a helicopter and partly road transport. E: Northern Region One Recce team to cover West Nile and the rest of northern Uganda. They would use a helicopter and partly road transport. 2. Summary of the Manpower and Equipment Requirements Total manpower required 51 Total helicopter required 6 Total vehicle required: 2 staff cars, 7 communication Landrovers and 8 cargo Landrovers 17 Radios for communication between the Recce teams and the headquarters will be required. 3. The Military Council will need to arrange the following facilities to be available for use by the Recce team: • Fuel for helicopters and vehicles • Feeding and accommodation • Medical facilities • Air and road transport • Office facilities for the Recce team headquarters • Any other facilities that may be deemed necessary.

ANNEXTURE ‘D’ Article 3 of the Geneva Convention for the amelioration of the condition of the wounded and the sick in armed forces in the field dated the 12th August 1949: Conflict not of an international character: In the case of armed conflict not of an international character occurring in the territory of one of the high contracting parties, each party to the conflict shall be bound to apply as a minimum, the following provisions: 1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed Hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention or any other case, shall in all circumstances be treated humanely, without adverse distinction found on race, colour, religion or faith, sex, birth or wealth or any other similar criteria. To this end the following acts shall remain prohibited at any time and in any place whatsoever with respect to the above mentioned persons: (a) Violence to life and persons in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture, (b) Taking of hostages, (c) Outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment, (d) The passing of sentence and the carrying of executions without previous judgement pronounced by a regular constituted court affording all judicial guarantees which are recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.

2. The wounded and sick shall be taken care of. An impartial humanitarian body, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, may offer its services to the parties to the conflicts. The parties to the conflicts should further endeavour to bring into force, by means of special agreements, all or part of the other provisions of the present conventions. The application of the proceeding provisions shall not affect the legal status of the parties to the conflict.

ANNEXTURE ‘E’ Participants to the Uganda Peace Talks Kenyan Delegation: 1. His Excellency Hon. Daniel Toroitich arap Moi, CGH, MP, President and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kenya and the Chairman of the Uganda Peace Talks

2. HE Hon. Mwai-Kibaki, EGH, MP, Vice President and Minister for Home Affairs

3. Hon. Justus Ole Tipis, MP. Minister of State, Office of the President

4. Hon. Elijah Mwangale, MP, Minister of Foreign Affairs

5. Hon. K.N.K. Biwott, MP, Minister of Energy and Regional Development

6. Mr Simeon Nyachae, Chief Secretary

7. Mr Bethuel A. Kiplagat, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

8. Mr James S. Mathenge, Permanent Secretary, Office of the President

9. Mr A. Kiptanui, Private Secretary/Comptroller of State House

10. Ambassador Omar A. Fakih, Deputy Secretary/Head of Africa and OAU Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

11. HE Lawrence C.T. Dena, Kenya High Commissioner to Uganda

12. Major General Dedan N. Gichuru, Chief of Staff, Kenya Army

13. Major James M. Mulinge, Kenya Army

14. Major Hency Biwott, Kenya Army

15. Mr Stephen M. Mwenesi, Attorney General’s Chambers

16. Mr Marx G.N. Kahende, Second Secretary, Kenya High Commission, Kampala

Military Government Delegation:

1. General Tito Okello Lutwa, Chairman of the Military Council and Head of State

2. Lt. General Bazilio Olara-Okello, Chief of Defence Forces

3. Hon. Abraham Waligo, Prime Minister and Minister of Finance

4. Brigadier Gad Wilson Toko, Vice Chairman of the Military Council and Minister of Defence

5. Hon. Paul Kawanga Ssemogerere, Minister of Internal Affairs

6. Hon. Dent Ocaya-Lakidi, Member of Military Council

7. Brigadier Fred Okecho, Member of the Military Council

8. Lt Col. Dr James Kweya, Member of the Military Council

9. Captain Livingstone Kalyesubula-Kabaale, Member of Military Council

10. Hon. Olara Otunnu, Minister of Foreign Affairs

11. Hon. Sam Kuteesa, Attorney General and Minister of Justice

12. Hon. Robert Kitariko, Minister of Public Service and Cabinet Affairs

13. Hon. Professor Yoweri Kyesimira, Minister of Planning and Economic Development

14. Lt Col. Eric Odwar, Ministry of Defence

15. Major Thomas Kiyengo, Ministry of Defence

Officials:

1. Mr Jack Bugingo, Uganda High Commissioner to Nairobi

2. Mr Phillip Adonga, Uganda High Commission, Nairobi

3. Dr Christopher Twesigye, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kampala

4. Mr Dick Nyai, Office of the Chairman/Head of State

5. Captain Patrick Nkurunziza, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting

National Resistance Movement Delegation: 1. Mr Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. Chairman High Command, National Resistance Army and Interim Chairman National Resistance Movement

2. Dr Samson B. Kisekka, coordinator National Resistance Movement, External Mission

3. Mr Eriya Kategeya, Secretary for Political Affairs, National Resistance Movement

4. Mr Matthew Rukikaire, Secretary for External Operations, National Resistance Movement

5. Mr Zak K.R. Kaheru, Secretary for Finance and Supplies, National Resistance Movement

6. Elly Tumwine, Army Commander, National Resistance Army, Member NRM

7. Mr Sam. S. Male, Secretary of Executive Committee, National Resistance Movement

8. Mrs Gertrude Njuba, Member of National Resistance Council

9. Mr Kirunda Kivejinja, Member NRC

Top | Northern Uganda | Contents | Back to Key Kexts